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Strength-based practice
Strength-based practice is a social work practice theory that emphasizes people's self-determination and strengths. It is a philosophy and a way of viewing clients as resourceful and resilient in the face of adversity.〔http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195389678/obo-9780195389678-0006.xml〕 It is client-led, with a focus on future outcomes and strengths that people bring to a problem or crisis.〔McCashen, Wayne (2005). The Strengths Approach. Bendigo, Victoria, Australia: St Luke's Innovative Resources.〕 When applied beyond the field of social work, strength-based practice is also referred to as the "strength-based approach".
== History ==
Social worker Bertha Reynolds was a proto-theorist for this practice. She criticized the American social work tendency to adopt a psychoanalytic approach (and the corollary dependence on the DSM IV) with clients. It was formally developed by a team from the University of Kansas, including Dennis Saleebey, Charles Rapp & Anne Weick.〔Healy, Karen (2005). Social Work Theories in. Hampshire: Palgrave McMillan.〕
In 1997, Rapp wrote “The Strengths Model”,〔Rapp, C. (1997). The Strengths Model: Case Management with People Suffering from Severe and Persistent Mental Illness, 1st Ed. New York: Oxford University Press.〕 which focused on “amplifying the well part of the patient”. The popularity of his approach spread quickly and in 1999, Dr. Martin Seligman, the president of the American Psychological Association at the time, made an observation that fuelled strength-based practice:
“The most important thing we learned was that psychology was half-baked. We’ve baked the part about mental illness, about repair damage. The other side’s unbaked, the side of strength, the side of what we’re good at”.〔Buckingham, Marcus (2007). Go Put Your Strengths to Work: 6 Powerful Steps to Achieve Outstanding Performance. New York: Free Press.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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